Music of the Century free essay sample

Claude Debussy (1862-1918) He studied with Guard and others at the Paris Conservatoire and as prizewinner went to Rome, though more important Impressions came from his visits to Bayreuth and from hearing Javanese music in Paris. Debussy and Impressionism The Impressionist style of planting developed In the late 19th century In France. Although the Impressionist movement did not exclusively consist of French artists, It did start in France and the French painters are among the most well-known. Several earlier artistic movements, such as Classicism and Realism, influenced theImpressionist painters. In 1855, a World Fair was held in Paris, and art was given significant attention. This contributed to Paris reputation as the center of the art world and the place to be for aspiring painters, such as the group that would come to be known as the Impressionists. Impressionism Is a style borrowed from painting which creates an illusion of light and atmosphere by using colors side by side Instead of blending them. We will write a custom essay sample on Music of the Century or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The artist avoids realism in favor of conveying impressions. Nocturnes Achilles-Claude Debussy, 1862-1918, Nocturnes. Completed December 15, 1 899 (at 3 a. . , according to an inscription on the manuscript), first performance October 27, 1901, In Paris. Scored for 3 flutes, 2 oboes, English horn, 2 clarinets, 3 bassoons, 4 horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, cymbals, snare drums, tympani, 2 harps, female chorus, and strings. 3 Shorts Composition of NOCTURNES 1 . Engages- (Clouds) Debussy pictures the sky with slow and melancholy passages of clouds. The warmth of Engages recalls a summer love affair. 2. Fetes- (Festivals) Is a restrained yet Joyous celebration, the sort that generates feeling memories without ever disturbing the neighbors. 3.Sirens- (Sirens) builds on a simple two-note motives to seduce the listeners into Debussy river, just as dangerously as the mythological beauties who have lured innumerable sailors to their doom over the centuries. Bell Bartok (1881-1945), a Hungarian, is considered a famous progressive modern musical composer, a great pianist, teacher and researcher. He was one of the leaders of Hungarian nationalism and made use of the Hungarian folk tunes in his music. Just like Stravinsky, he was one of the composers who belonged to the movement of Neo-classicism: a return to the simplicity of Classicism and combining of modern sound with classic form.His style is characterized by rhythms which are percussive and intricate because of the influence of the Hungarian dance patterns. He used polymath, which means using two or more different rhythms played at the same time. In some of his compositions like Six Dances in Bulgarian Rhythm, no. L, you will notice the irregular grouping of beats. Polytonally, which is the simultaneous combination of two or more tonalities in a composition, can also be found in Brooks compositions. Antonio Nominal and Impressionism Dry. Antonio Nominal (1894-1980) was one of the 20th century composers who wrote art music.He was considered the Claude Debussy of the Philippines because he was the first to introduce several important devices, technically characteristics of impressionism in music. One of Millions popularly known, compositions is Hatchings. Another composition of Nominal is Dancing Fool. In this composition, he made use of the whole tone scale and used it as a descriptive device. Schoenberg and Expressionism Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) Austrian composer, Schoenberg development of the twelve-tone method of imposition was a turning point in the 20th century music.He was a self taught musician. Another philosophy of art which affected the music of the 20th century is expressionism. It is a style which seeks to express emotion with exaggerations rather than represent the physical world. The followers of the movement believe that this world is full of tension, and people are irrational, rebellious and scared to be alone. Expressionism Many of the 20th music reflects an artistic movement called expressionism, which stress intense and subjective emotion. Painters, writers, and composers explored inner feelings rather than depicting outward appearances.The expressionists Arnold Schoenberg was known for the radical sound of his music. In this song cycle, Peppier Lunar, he made use of different style of singing which is called Springtime. Peppier Lunar calls for unusual style of vocal performance halfway between speaking and singing. Springtime Literally it means speech voice. It is a manner of performing a song which sounds half-sung and half-spoken. Millimeter is identified, by the time signature, a fractional symbol in which the numerator specifies the number of beats per bar, and he denominator specifies the relative note value assigned to one beat.Syncopation (Accent) the suppression of an expected rhythmic accent by the continuation of an accented tone that begins Just before it. The Music of Stravinsky Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) A Russian composer, later of French (1934) and American nationality. Stravinsky was regarded as the worlds greatest composer. His once revolutionary works were modern classics. Like Debussy and Schoenberg, Stravinsky a composer from Russia, was also one of the 20th century composers who established new trends in music, instead of Just sing the new trends in his music, he combined the traditional and modern trends.Electronic Music Music that requires knowledge or use of electronic devices to produce or manipulate sounds during its composition and performances. With the advancement in technology, many composers are experimenting new sound sources such as electronic, environmental and other non-tonal sound. Traditional instruments are used but in different way. Even computers, cassette tape recorders, and synthesizers are used. Concrete Music Music created by reworking natural sounds recorded on discs or tapes. Filipino Contemporary ComposerMacaroni Bollard (1893-1934)- Our foremost Kinsman composer also showed the elements of modernism in his music. This is heard in his Cinderella Overture and Assassinate for Strings Dry. Lucre Silage (1918-)- Neo-classicist. The music of Silage is unique in which she was able to combine the music of the east and west. This is shown in her Toccata (1958) were she made used of the piano, clarinet, oboe calculating and tertiary. The Guillotining is very prominent in her Concert music in our country. When he was in France, he Joined the Music Concrete movement.

Archaeology of Olive Domestication

Archaeology of Olive Domestication Olives are the fruit of a tree that today can be found as nearly 2,000 separate cultivars within the Mediterranean basin alone. Today olives come in a huge variety of fruit sizes, shape, and color, and they are grown on every continent except Antarctica. And that may in part be why the history and domestication story of olives is a complicated one. Olives in their native state are virtually inedible by humans, although domestic animals like cattle and goats dont seem to mind the bitter flavor. Once cured in brine, of course, olives are very tasty. Olive wood burns even when wet; which makes it very useful and that may be one attractive characteristic that drew people towards the management of olive trees. One later use was for olive oil, which is virtually smoke-free and can be used in cooking and lamps, and in many other ways. Olive History The olive tree (Olea europaea var. europaea) is thought to have been domesticated from the wild oleaster (Olea europaea var. sylvestris), at a minimum of nine different times. The earliest probably dates to the Neolithic migration into the Mediterranean basin, ~6000 years ago. Propagating olive trees is a vegetative process; that is to say, successful trees are not grown from seeds, but rather from cut roots or branches buried in the soil and allowed to root, or grafted onto other trees. Regular pruning helps the grower keep access to the olives in the lower branches, and olive trees are known to survive for centuries, some reportedly for as much as 2,000 years or more. Mediterranean Olives The first domesticated olives are likely from the Near East (Israel, Palestine, Jordan), or at least the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea, although some debate persists about its origins and spread. Archaeological evidence suggests that the domestication of olive trees spread into the western Mediterranean and North Africa by the Early Bronze Age, ~4500 years ago. Olives, or more specifically olive oil, has a significant meaning to several Mediterranean religions: see the History of Olive Oil for a discussion of that. Archaeological Evidence Olive wood samples have been recovered from the Upper Paleolithic site of Boker in Israel. The earliest evidence of olive use discovered to date is at Ohalo II, where ca 19,000 years ago, olive pits and wood fragments were found. Wild olives (oleasters) were used for oils throughout the Mediterranean basin during the Neolithic period (ca 10,000-7,000 years ago). Olive pits have been recovered from the Natufian period (ca 9000 BC) occupations in Mount Carmel in Israel. Palynological (pollen) studies on the contents of jars have identified the use of  olive oil presses by the early Bronze Age (ca 4500 years ago) in Greece and other parts of the Mediterranean. Scholars using molecular and archaeological evidence (presence of pits, pressing equipment, oil lamps, pottery containers for oil, olive timber, and pollen, etc.) have identified separate domestication centers in Turkey, Palestine, Greece, Cyprus, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Corsica, Spain, and France. DNA analysis reported in Diez et al. (2015) suggests that the history is complicated by admixture, connecting domesticated versions with wild versions throughout the region. Important Archaeological Sites Sites Archaeological sites important to understanding the domestication history of the olive include Ohalo II, Kfar Samir, (pits dated to 5530-4750 BC); Nahal Megadim (pits 5230-4850 cal BC) and Qumran (pits 540-670 cal AD), all in Israel; Chalcolithic Teleilat Ghassul (4000-3300 BC), Jordan; Cueva del Toro (Spain). Sources and Further Information Plant Domestication and the Dictionary of Archaeology. Breton C, Pinatel C, Mà ©dail F, Bonhomme F, and Bervillà © A. 2008. Comparison between classical and Bayesian methods to investigate the history of olive cultivars using SSR-polymorphisms. Plant Science 175(4):524-532. Breton C, Terral J-F, Pinatel C, Mà ©dail F, Bonhomme F, and Bervillà © A. 2009. The origins of the domestication of the olive tree. Comptes Rendus Biologies 332(12):1059-1064. Diez CM, Trujillo I, Martinez-Urdiroz N, Barranco D, Rallo L, Marfil P, and Gaut BS. 2015. Olive domestication and diversification in the Mediterranean Basin. New Phytologist 206(1):436-447. Elbaum R, Melamed-Bessudo C, Boaretto E, Galili E, Lev-Yadun S, Levy AA, and Weiner S. 2006. Ancient olive DNA in pits: preservation, amplification and sequence analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science 33(1):77-88. Margaritis E. 2013. Distinguishing exploitation, domestication, cultivation, and production: the olive in the third millennium Aegean. Antiquity 87(337):746-757. Marinova, Elena. An experimental approach for tracing olive processing residues in the archaeobotanical record, with preliminary examples from Tell Tweini, Syria. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, Jan M. A. van der Valk, Soultana Maria Valamoti, et al., 20(5), ResearchGate, September 2011. Terral JF, Alonso N, Capdevila RBi, Chatti N, Fabre L, Fiorentino G, Marinval P, Jord GP, Pradat B, Rovira N, et al. 2004. Historical biogeography of olive domestication ( Journal of Biogeography 31(1):63-77.Olea europaea L.) as revealed by geometrical morphometry applied to biological and archaeological material.

M5 Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

M5 Reflection - Essay Example munity can occur in numerous forms and usually, organizations like libraries and zoos among others can be core players in assisting in the education of students outside the school environment (Fawcett & Shannon-Smith 2008). Parents should therefore provide their children with the opportunities to access these services, as they are beneficial to their overall studies. Most of these organizations create learning activities for the students who visit their sites but sometimes they do so without consulting the local schools first. It is important for the community and the schools to work together when improving the learning of students as through this collaboration, the excellence of the schools can be replicated in the community activities (Johnston, 2009). The community should value and have a commitment to implementing clear learning objectives, standards of a high quality, instructional strategies based on evidence and technology that has an ability to prepare the students to become successful in a complicated global community. The community should also remain ethical and should have a commitment and value in acting with fairness and integrity in order to bring ethical principles of decision-making processes while at the same time abiding by the laws and policies which govern schools. Caughy, M., Nettles, S., & O’Campo, P. (2007). Community Influences on Adjustment in First Grade: An Examination of an Integrated Process Model.  Journal of Child and Family Studies,  16(6), 819-836.